Cross sectional data from an online survey to Japanese citizen aged 20 to 64 years old, conducted between 26 and 28 March 2020. Questions of the survey include the behavioral changes of Japanese people toward COVID-19. Quota sampling was conducted so that the sample distributions among gender (male or female), age group (20s, 30s, 40s, 50s or 60s), and employment status (regular employee, non-regular employee, self-employed or not working) become equal to those of the representative Japanese population, based on the statistics of the Labor Force Survey (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications).Data is accessible to people who have an OPEN ICPSR account.